Purification of the Unconscious
In the Great Awakening of the Faith(1967) the relation
between the unconscious and its mechanism of projection
is most clearly and succinctly shown. The activating
mind (åöãÛ) is the reservoir of past experience both positive
and negative(Fig. 7).
The process and mechanism of projection of the unconscious
are as follows. The activating mind (the uncons
-cious) is turned into the evolving mind (ï®ãÛ). This evolving
mind is turned into the reproducing mind (úÞãÛ). Up to this
point all are unconscious. Next comes the analytical mind
(òªãÛ) and then follows the continuing mind( ßÓáÙãÛ). These
are conscious and the product of projection. These are
philosophy and knowledge and their derivatives. All are
considered as the projection of the unconscious, that
is, delusion.
If all the evolving, reproducing, analytical and continuing
minds are purified and only the trace of the activating
mind remains unpurified, it is Bodhisattva, if even
this trace is completely purified, it is Buddha.
Buddha means no projection, no unconscious, always awakened,
no thought. The essence of the teaching of Buddhism is
¡°Do not take the outside appearance, illumine your own
mind(Üôö¢èâßÓ í»ãýÚ÷ðÎ).¡± Correcting the cognitive distortion
through the purification of mind.
The essence of Zen-Buddhism is described as follows£ºOutside
teaching, transmitted separately. Not founded on words
and letters. Pointing directly to the human mind. Seeing
into one¡¯s nature and attaining Buddhahood. Confucius
said he was only describing and not creating(âûì»ÜôíÂ). In
the Tao, words, concepts and theory are only means to
point at reality. In Buddhism they call it finger pointing
at the moon(reality). ¡°Leave the Words! And cut the thoughts!
Get the meaning and forget the words. Then you become
friendly with the Tao. Leave the name and cut the appearance,
etc.!¡± Laotzu says ¡°The student learns by daily increment.
The Tao is gained by daily loss. Loss upon loss until
it comes to wu-wei(doing nothing)¡±. This means that when
you study theory or conceptual knowledge, your knowledge
increases everyday. However, when you practice Tao, you
lose your neurotic motivation until you lose it completely.
This is the meaning of wu-wei(doing nothing).
Comparison of the Psychotherapy
and Cultural Core of East and West
In Plato¡¯s Phaedo, Socrates said death is the separating
of soul from body. Body is sensation, pleasure and emotion
which is the shackle of the body creating illusion.
Knowledge is illusion. To reach the truth(wisdom, reality)
you have to die. So he was glad to die because he would
reach the truth by his death. But after his death, in
the Western tradition since Plato, they tried to purify
the mind(catharsis) by intellectual pursuit(theory building),
whereas in the East they practiced the Tao. Nirvana(complete
liberation) is liberation from bodily shackles(which
create Illusion) while alive. Socrates believed you
have to die in order to be liberated. This is the crucial
difference between East and West tradition. In Western
psychotherapy through the experiences of many psychotherapists
and psychotherapy research, it turned out that the therapist-patient
relationship is the crucial factor in psychotherapy,
and this therapeutic relationship is created by the
personality of the therapist who can empathize with
the patient. The therapist¡¯s empathic perception and
response create the atmosphere in which the patient
can be liberated and feel safe to resume his or her
growth without anxiety or threat. Carl Rogers(1980)
noted empathy is curative. whereas Heinz Kohut(Goldberg
A., ed. 1980) recognized the importance of empathy as
nutrient and curative, but he wanted to use empathy
for data gathering, for building theory in order to
be recognized by others. |
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